Publications
Whakarāpopototanga Matua
He rite tonu te kawe rangahau a Te Mana Whanonga Kaipāho i waenga i ngā tāngata katoa o Aotearoa e uia ai ō rātou waiaro mō ētahi paerewa pāho. Ko tētahi o ngā tino mahi o te Mana Whanonga i raro i te Ture Pāho 1989, ‘he kawe i āna mahi rangahau, he whakaputa kitenga hoki ki te ao e pā ana ki ngā paerewa e tika ana i te mahi Pāho’.
E arotahi ana tēnei rangahau ki ētahi momo paerewa pāho matua e rua: ngā paerewa mō te kawe kōrero e pā ana ki te tūtika me te tōkeke, me te pānga o ēnei paerewa ki ngā pānui pakipūmeka, ko te tuarua ko ngā tikanga papai me ngā tikanga rangatira ki te titiro a te iwi, he paerewa tēnei ka taea te whakatakoto mō ngā pānui katoa. Ka tirohia tētahi momo pāho, ngā teihana whakakōrero i te tangata, hei matapaki i ngā take e pā ana ki te tūtika me te tōkeke ; ko ngā kōrero mō ngā tikanga papai me ngā tikanga rangatira o te iwi i takea mai i ngā wetekanga o ngā whakatau a Te Mana Whanonga Kaipāho i mua. Ka tūhuratia tētahi kaupapa tuatoru, te whāinga tika kia whakaputa kōrero ki te ao, i ētahi rōpū whiriwhiri kaupapa motuhake.
E ono ngā rangahau i tēnei pūrongorongo. He rerekē anō ngā tū whakaaro me ngā tikanga mahi o tēnā rangahau, o tēnā rangahau, hei mātai i ngā paerewa i kōwhiritia.
Te tūtika me te tōkeke
Ko ngā paerewa o te tūtika me te tōkeke te arotahitanga matua o ngā upoko tuatahi e whā.
I te upoko 1, ka tuku pūrongo mō ngā tāngata i whakauru mai ki ngā rōpū whiriwhiri kaupapa motuhake i puta ai he whakaaro i a rātou, me te kite tonu iho i tō rātou kaingākau ki ngā mātāpono o te tika me te tūtika i te matahuhuatanga o ngā pānui pakipūmeka. E ai ki a rātou, mō ētahi o ngā kaupapa pēnei i ngā pānui āwhina i te kiritaki i te pouaka whakaata me ngā kaupapa reo irirangi whakakōrero tangata, ehara i te mea kia rite rawa te tūtika ki ngā pītopito kōrero me ngā pāhotanga o te wā. Ko nga kaiwhakauru taipakeke kē ngā tāngata e mea ana kia tino tika rawa te katoa o ngā pitopito kōrero, kia tika anō hoki nga whakahaere e pā ana ki te tangata takitahi me ngā rōpū matua. Ina whiria te kaupapa o te whāinga tika kia whakaputa kōrero ki te ao, e tautoko katoa ana ngā kaiwhakauru i te motika kia wātea tēnā tangata, tēnā tangata, ki te whakaputa i ōna anō whakaaro, mehemea he whakaaro pono tērā nōna, – hāunga ngā kaipānui i ngā pitopito kōrero.
Kei te Upoko 2 tētahi tākinga i te hītori o te tupuranga o ngā teihana whakakōrero i te tangata i Amerika me Ahitereiria, ā, ka tāia hoki he kōrero hōhonu kē atu mō tōna tupuranga hei wāhi o ngā reo irirangi o Aotearoa.
Ina horaina he kōrero mō te tūranga o ngā teihana whakakōrero i te whenua manapori ka tere kitea ngā whakaaro rerekē, he wehe kē ētahi, he wehe kē ētahi: ko ētahi e kī ana he wāhi nui tēnei o ngā mahi whakapakari i te whenua manapori, ko tēnā tēnā, ko ētahi atu e kī ana he waha tēnei mō ngā whakaaro o te hunga taikaha, ka nui pea ōna kino mō te manapori, kāore hoki e kitea he hua.
E mea ana te kaituhi kua huri ngā teihana whakakōrero i Aotearoa hei paohotanga whakangahau noa, kua kore e noho hei wāhi nui nō ngā whakahaere manapori. Nā reira, kua huri haere ngā whakaaro mō ngā teihana whakakōrero i te tangata. Nā tēnei hurihanga i āhua rerekē ai ngā whakaaro o ngā kaiwhakarongo, me te ahumahi whānui mō ngā paerewa pāho pēnei i te pono rawa o ngā kōrero, te tūtika, me te tika.
Kei te upoko 3 ka tūhuratia te hāngaitanga o ngā paerewa pāho mō ngā teihana whakakōrero i te tangata, mā ngā uiuinga i te tangata, mā tētahi tiro whānui hoki i ngā kaimahi reo iririangi o ngā teihana whakakōrero i te tangata i Aotearoa. E ai ki ngā kaimahi, ko ngā teihana whakakōrero arumoni he momo pakihi, ko ētahi o āna kawenga he tuhatuha i ngā pārongo e tika ana, he matapaki i ngā take nunui o te wā, otirā he whakangahau i te tangata.Ko te whāinga matua mā ngā kaipāho i ngā teihana whakakōrero i te tangata, he hao i te tini o te kaiwhakarongo, engari e mōhio ana ngā kaipāho he mea nui te pono o te kōrero, te tūtika me te tōkeke o ngā whakahaere ki ō rātou kaiwhakarongo.
Kei te Upoko 4 ētahi pūrongo mō ngā kōrero ki ngā rōpū whiriwhiri kaupapa motuhake. Ka kōrerotia e rātou ngā take e pā ana ki te tūtika, ki te tika o te kōrero, ngā haepapa ki te iwi nui tonu (he paerewa tēnei e pā ana ki ngā kaipāho reo irirangi motuhake) me te whāinga tika kia whakaputa kōrero ki te ao.
E whakaae ana te hunga whakauru mai he mea nui te tūtika i ngā mahi whakakōrero i te tangata, otirā kei te whakaae he mea tino nui ina whakaingoatia he tangata, he rōpū rānei. E mea ana rātou ko tētahi wāhi o ngā mahi a te kaiuiui he āwhina kia eke ki ngā taumata e tika ana o tēnei mea te tūtika. Heoi anō, kotahi anō te āwangawanga, kāore ngā whakaaro o ētahi e kimihia atu e ētahi o ngā kaipāho, i te mea ka whiria ko te hunga anake e tautoko ana i ōna whakaaro, me te aukati i ngā waea a ētahi atu. Ki a rātou ko te tikanga ia me whakawātea he wāhi mō te katoa ki te whakautu kōrero.
E whakaae ana ngā kaiwhakarongo ki ngā teihana whakakōrero he mea nui te paerewa mō te tika o ngā whakahaere, i te mea mā roto i te paerewa e whakaūtia ai te whakarangatira i te katoa o te hunga waea mai, ka tika hoki te manaaki i a rātou. Ahakoa, e mōhio ana rātou kia kaha tonu te taukumekume i ngā kaupapa, mā reira anake e whai matū ai ngā kai ka pāhotia, ki ngā taringa o te hunga whakarongo. Ki a rātou ka tutuki ngā haepapa ki te iwi nui tonu ki te tika te kawe a te kaiwhakahaere i te taukumekume. Ki a rātou anō, kāore te tangata e āhei te whakaputa kōrero ki te ao, kia kore rawa he here. Me mātua noho mai he here, mā te atamai o te tangata e whakatau he aha.
Ngā tikanga papai me ngā tikanga rangatira
He whānui tonu te pāpori o Aotearoa, he rerekē anō ngā wawata o tēnā, o tēnā mō ngā mahi pāho i runga i te taipakeke, i te ahurea, i te whakapono, me ngā waiaro o ia tangata, o ia tangata. Ahakoa e kōrero ana ngā paerewa pāho mō ngā ‘paerewa o tēnei wā mō ngā tikanga rangatira me ngā tikanga papai mō te reo me ngā whanonga’ kāre kau he paerewa ōrite, he tikanga rānei hei anga mō ngā mahi a Te Mana Whanonga Kaipāho ina whakahaere ia i ngā whakapae mō ngā tikanga papai me ngā tikanga rangatira.
E mea ana te Upoko 5 e kore e mutu te titiro a te Mana Whanonga Kaipāho ki ngā ‘āhuatanga o muri’ o tētahi paohotanga, i roto i āna whakatau mō ngā tikanga papai me ngā tikanga rangatira. Kia tirohia rā anō ēnei āhuatanga, kātahi anō ka taea te whakaputa whakatau whai take. Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga o muri hei whiriwhiri, mehemea i pāhotia taua pānui i ngā haora mātakitaki e whakaarotia ana e te nuinga ko ngā haora e mātakitaki ai te tamariki.
Ahakoa mō te reo irirangi, mō te pouaka whakaata rānei, whakahau ai ngā whakatau a Te Mana Whanonga Kaipāho i te tino hiahia kia āta maharatia te harakore me te ngohengohe o te tamariki i roto i ngā kai o ngā paohotanga.
Ko tētahi atu kōrero e pā ana ki te wātea o te tangata ki te whai i āna anō kōwhiringa matawhaiaro. Ki te tino wātea ngā kaimātakitaki pakeke ki te whiriwhiri, i runga i te mārama, i ngā pānui ka mātakina, ka rangona rānei e rātou, tērā e iti iho ngā karanga ki te Mana Whanonga Kaipāho kia huri mai ki te whakawā.
Ahakoa rā, ahakoa te whāinga tika o te hunga mātaki ki te whiriwhiri, arā, anō ngā mea hei whakaaro. Kāore i totoka ngā whakaritenga mō ēnei take, ka rerekē haere i runga i te horopaki o ia kaupapa, me ngā whakaaro o te iwi nui tonu i taua wā.
He Tirowhānui ā-Motu
Kei te Upoko 6 he pūrongo mō ngā hua o tētahi tirowhānui ā-motu mō ngā waiaro tūmatanui tonu, mō ngā paerewa e tika ana i ngā paohotanga kore-utu ki te kāinga. I kawea taua tirohanga i waenganui i te marama o Mei me Hune i te tau 2005 i te taha o ngā tāngata 500 nō te iwi whānui, kei runga ake te pakeke o te katoa i te 18 tau.
E kawe whakamua ana ēnei kitenga i ngā rangahau wā roa a Te Māna Whanonga Kaipāho i tāia ake nei i Monitoring Community Attitudes in Changing Mediascapes i te tau 2000. I whakapūmautia anō te hiahia kia tūhuratia ngā take o te tūtika me te tōkeke i te tau 2005. Kāore i āta tūhuratia ngā paerewa mō te taikaha me te matatapu i te mea i whakaputaina he pūrongo nui mō ēnei take i te tau 2004.
Ka mārama anō i tēnei tirohanga te whakaaro o te iwi tūmatanui e tika ana kia noho tonu tētahi rōpū motuhake hei kawe i te haepapa kia āta arotakea ngā paerewa pāho i Aotearoa.
E ai ki ngā kitenga e rua hautoru o ngā tāngata o Aotearoa ka whakaputa noa i tētahi āhuatanga e āwangawanga ai rātou, i waenganui i ngā pānui i te pouaka whakaata. Rite tonu ki ngā tirohanga a te Te Mana Whanonga Kaipāho (i ngā tau 1993 me te tau 2000), ko ngā āwangawanga e kōrero nuitia ana ko te whakaata i te taikaha, i te ai me te tū tahanga, me te kangakanga. E ai ki ngā tohu o ngā kitenga, ina whakaritea ki te tau 2000, kei runga kē pea ngā āwangawanga mō ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te ai, me te kangakanga i runga i te pouaka whakaata.
Kotahi hautoru noa iho o ngā tāngata o Aotearoa ka whakaputa noa i tētahi āhuatanga e āwangawanga ai rātou, i waenganui i ngā pānui i te reo irirangi, ā, ko te āwangawanga e rangona nuitia ai ko te kangakanga.
Ahakoa he mea nui tonu ngā paerewa mō te tūtika, te tika me te pono o ngā kōrero i ngā pakipūmeka i runga i te pouaka whakaata me te reo irirangi, e mea ana te iwi tūmatanui ko te pono te mea nui rawa atu. E tino pēnei ana ngā whakaaro mō ngā pānui pitopito kōrero o te pouaka whakaata.
He āhua tāwariwari kē atu te whakamahinga i ēnei paerewa mō ngā pānui reo irirangi. Ahakoa rā, ko ngā tāngata e auau nei te whakarongo ki ngā teihana whakakōrero i te tangata he kaha kē atu tā rātou whakatairanga i te tika me te tūtika, i te nuinga o te taupori nui tonu.
Mō te ‘kangakanga’ te āhua nei kua āhua ngāwari haere, iti nei, ngā waiaro. Ahakoa, ko ngā kupu e kī ana te iwi whānui kāore rawa e pai i ngā mahi pāho i te tau 2005, he rite anō ki ērā i kīia kāore rawa e pai e rima tau ki muri.
Pērā anō me te rangahau o te tau 2000, ko te tino ture e whakatauria ai te pai, te kore rānei e pai o tētahi kitenga, ko te ture mō te haora o te pāho (i mua, i muri rānei i te 8.30 i te ahiahi). Ko ngā ture tuarua ko te mārama o te whakaata i taua kitenga ki te kanohi me te noho anō o aua kitenga hei wāhanga matua o te pakiwaitara.
Kia whiria te katoa o tēnei tiro whānui, ina whakaritea hoki ki te tau 2000 ka pēnei pea te kī, ahakoa kua ngāwari kē atu ngā whakaaro o te iwi whānui i roto i ngā tau, he nui kē atu ngā āwangawanga i ēnei rā tērā i mua, mō te ārai i ēnei kitenga kino i te tamariki. I takea mai ēnei whakaaro i ngā kitenga e whai ake nei.
- Arā ētahi tāngata e whakaputa noa ana i ngā āwangawanga mō ngā āhuatanga ka kitea e te tamariki i runga i te pouaka whakaata, kāore hoki i pēnei rawa i ngā tiro whānui o mua.
- Ahakoa e kī ana te nuinga me noho ko te haepapa matua ki ngā mātua ki te ārai i te kino i ā rātou tamariki, e mea ana anō hoki te nuinga o te iwi me noho anō he paerewa mō ngā mahi pāho e anga ana ki te tiaki i te tamariki mokopuna.
- Ko ngā kitenga e toru mō te ai, mō te tū tahanga e whakaarotia ana e te hunga whakautu he kino kē atu, me kī he iti nei te kino atu i ō te tau 2000, he kitenga katoa tērā pea e kitea e te tamariki (ngā pitopito o te ahiahi awatea, ngā whakaari me ngā pikitia i mua i te 8.30 i te pō).
Mehemea kua piki te āwangawanga, e whakapae noa ana ngā kairangahau ko tētahi awe nui ko ngā whakawākanga rongonui o ēnei tau mō te taitōkai, mō te kōpepe tamariki me te pupuri i te pikitia karihika ō te tamariki.